Students in Robbi Giuliano's fifth grade class sit on yoga balls as they complete their assignments at Westtown-Thornbury Elementary School Monday, Feb. 4, 2013, in West Chester, Pa. The exercise gear is part a larger effort to modernize schools based on research linking physical activity with better learning, said John Kilbourne, a professor of movement science at Grand View State University in Allendale, Mich.
Matt Rourke / AP Photo
Matt Rourke / AP Photo
Students in Robbi Giuliano's fifth grade class sit on yoga balls as they complete their assignments at Westtown-Thornbury Elementary School Monday, Feb. 4, 2013, in West Chester, Pa. The exercise gear is part a larger effort to modernize schools based on research linking physical activity with better learning, said John Kilbourne, a professor of movement science at Grand View State University in Allendale, Mich.
The Pennsylvania Department of Education has released new teacher-preparation standards that ask educators to interrogate their own biases and recognize inequality in schools and school systems, including institutional racism.
The standards ask teachers to identify and disrupt racist practices, and make sure their approach to teaching incorporates a variety of perspectives.
Sharif El-Mekki, CEO of the Philadelphia-based Center for Black Educator Development, told state board members last week he expects the new standards to benefit both students and teachers.
“Many of the new teachers who come out of Pennsylvania’s educator prep programs say that they are not prepared to teach anyone, but particularly not prepared to teach students that come from culturally diverse backgrounds,” he said.
El-Mekki said the standards go far beyond race and are relevant even if a district has no students or teachers of color.
Matt Rourke / AP Photo
Students walk to Tamaqua Area High School in Tamaqua, Pa., Friday, Jan. 4, 2019.
“We are talking about any marginalized students,” he said, adding that the standards allow teachers to be better prepared to support any group that is “disenchanted,” or not having “accelerated outcomes.”
In addition to race, the standards identify students and families who are multilingual, live in poverty, or have “varying sexual orientations and gender identities” as being potentially marginalized.
The standards are meant to prepare teachers to work with students and families of all backgrounds and will be required as part of the state’s certification process.
“This document is part of our work to ensure equity and promote success for all students in the commonwealth,” state Secretary of Education Eric Hagarty said in a Tweet.
The @PADeptofEd Culturally-Relevant and Sustaining Education Program Framework Guidelines are now available online. https://t.co/E9q8j2059c
This document is part of our work to ensure equity and promote success for all students in the commonwealth. pic.twitter.com/nI1N3Xb6Aq
— Pennsylvania’s Secretary of Education (@PDESecretary) November 14, 2022
El-Mekki said he believes the new standards will help attract and retain more teachers of color — something the state has long struggled with — by placing more value on their experiences.
Students of color made up nearly 37% of Pennsylvania’s public school enrollment during the 2020-21 school year, up from 30.5% eight years ago, according to a report from the non-profit Research for Action. Among teachers, the figure was just 6.2%, an increase of less than one percentage point over the same period.
And in Philadelphia, where most of the state’s teachers of color are concentrated, the number of Black teachers has been falling. The city had 1,200 fewer Black teachers compared to two decades ago, though the overall number of teachers hadn’t changed.
Research shows that all students benefit from having teachers of color, and students of color often benefit more.
The adoption of what is clearly anti-racist standards isn’t remarkable on its own, but is notable given the broader political climate in which the standards were developed.
Former state Secretary of Education Pedro Rivera started amending the state’s requirements for teacher-prep programs in late 2018 and the state Department of Education completed the process last spring. In 2020, protests following the murder of George Floyd in Minneapolis led to efforts to address racial justice in schools and other spaces.
Since then, the pendulum has swung in the opposite direction with recent attacks on anti-racist teaching practices and social-emotional learning, among other topics.
Sandra Dungee Glenn, a member of the state’s board of education, acknowledged during last week’s meeting that the department’s work took place in a “very contentious environment.”
When officials presented the standards to the state Legislature, Dungee Glenn said, the only thing elected officials focused on “with all of the breadths of issues we raised was their interpretation of critical race theory.”
Jessica Kourkounis / Keystone Crossroads
Students change classes at a public school in Pennsylvania.
“That gave me a lens about the anxiety out there about how race is talked about,” she said.
El-Mekki’s organization, which was not involved in the creation of the standards, is preparing materials for teacher-prep programs to use in order to fulfill the new requirements.
He said he hopes the number of hours of training required by the state will eventually be doubled from 5 to 10.
“This is deep work that has to occur in order for us to be able to make the moves and reach the goals that we all desire,” he said.
Pennsylvania hopes to boost its percentage of new teachers of color from 13% to 25% by 2025, according to the Department of Education’s plan to tackle the state’s teacher shortage.
In addition to the “culturally-relevant” standards, the state also approved new guidelines related to professional ethics and reading instruction.
Teacher-prep programs are required to include the new standards no later than the 2024-25 school year and continuing professional development programs must implement them a year sooner.
Sometimes, your mornings are just too busy to catch the news beyond a headline or two. Don’t worry. The Morning Agenda has got your back. Each weekday morning, host Tim Lambert will keep you informed, amused, enlightened and up-to-date on what’s happening in central Pennsylvania and the rest of this great commonwealth.
